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Patented Sept. 3, 1895.

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No. 545,730. Patented sept, s, 1895.

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"ATENT SEYMOUR A. ROUSE, OF' CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. I

PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 545,730, dated September 3, 1895.

` Application tied May 2,1894. sena No. 509,772. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, SEYMOUR A. RoUsE, of Chicago, in the 'county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pumps; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in pumps of that class ordinarily employed in raising water from cisterns or wells and comprising one or more pistons reciprocating within suitable cylinders located within the well and operated by means of a connectingrod from a pump-handle or similar device mounted conveniently upon the platform covering the well or cistern.y

The object of my invention is to provide an improved construction in several parts orV features of pumps of the character referred to; and it consists in the matter hereinafter set forth, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

The pump shown in this instance as embodying my invention in one form is a doubleacting force-pump of that. type in which two cylinders of different diameters are con nected with each other so as to be in open communication at their adjacent ends, with the larger cylinder lowermost and lconnected with the Water-supply' by valved passage at its lower end, and in which large and small pistons are attached to a common piston-rod, and the larger piston is provided with valve-passages, closing when the pistons are raised and opening whenlthe pistons are lowered, so that on the upstroke of the pistons a discharge of water will take place through an outlet provided between the two cylinders equal to the difference in displacement of the large and small pistons, while on the downstroke of the pistons an additional discharge equal to the displacement of the small piston will occur.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of a pump embodying my invention in one form. Fig. 2 is a similar view taken at right angles to the view shown in Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken on line 3 3 of Fig.' 1. Figs. 4 and 5 are vertical sections taken on line 4 4 and 5 5, respectively,

of Fig. 2. Figs. 6, 7, and 8 are details of features of construction somewhat modified from those previously illustrated. Fig. 9 is a plan view of the base-casting.

A designates the lower and larger'cylinder of the pump thus illustrated, B the upper or smaller cylinder thereof, and C a cast coupling-piece serving to connect the cylinders A and B and in open communication with the adjacent ends thereof. The cylinder B is shown as secured to the coupling-piece C by a screw-joint formed between the lower end of the cylinder and a'screw-threaded aperture within the upper end of the couplingpiece. The cylinder A is shown as connected with said coupling-pieceV C by being inserted at its upper end in a recess c in the lower end of said coupling-piece and by being inserted at its lower end in a similar recess d, provided in the upperface of a head D, which is secured to the coupling C by oppositelyarranged connecting-rods D engaging apertured lugs c d', projecting, respectively, from the coupling C at the lower edge thereof and from the head D. A washer or gasket a, of leather, rubber, or other suitable material,in serted within the recess c between the end of the cylinder A and the bottom of said recess serves to prevent leakage at this point, anda similar washer or gasket o.' is placed within the recess d of the headD to prevent leakage at the lower end of the cylinder A. A supplypipe D2, connected with the lower end of the head D, discharges through an aperture cl2 in the latter into the cylinder A, said aperture being controlled by any suitable valve a2 in the bottom of the cylinder A. Such'val ve is in this instance formed in a usual manner by cutting out a central flap in the washera, leaving the same connected with the body of the washer at one side, and boltingA upon said flap a rigid valve-plate as of suflicient strength to resist the pressureof waterupon the valve. Pistons A and B', respectively, are located within the cylinders A and B andare rigidly secured together by means of a connecting-rod E extending through the adjacent openends on the cylinders and through the couplingpiece C, which connects the same. The larger piston A is provided in the usualv manner with any suitable valve (not shown) adapted to open on the downstroke of the piston and to close on the upstroke thereof. The upper piston D is made solid and without valves, and in itself serves to prevent any escape of water through the upper end of the cylinder I3. Both of said pistons are provided with packing of any suitable sort, by means of which leakage pastY them is prevented. From the upper piston B a connecting'rod E leads upward to the pump-handle or other device by which the pistons are reciprocated.

The water is discharged from the cylinders A and B through an orifice c2 in the side of the coupling Cinto a vertical pipe C', cast integral with the coupling C and extending upwardly above the same. The upper end of the pipe C is adapted to receive the lower end of a pipe F, which extends upwardly therefrom and forms the air-chamber of the pump. The lower end of the pipe C', which is flush with the lower end of the coupling C, is tapped to receive a downwardly-extending pipe D3, passing through an apertured lug D4 on the side of the head D and rigidly secured within said lug by a set-screw Z3 in substantially the manner shown in my prior patent, No. 451,073, dated April S, 1891. 'Ihe object of said pipe is to additionally brace and support the cylinder A and incidentally to serve as a trap, within which much of the sediment contained in the water discharged from the orifice c2 will collect. Such sediment may be removed by unscrewing a cap d4 at the bottom of said pipe D3. At its upper end the pipe C is provided with a lateral dischargeorifice c3, opening into a three-way valvechamber C2, cast integral with the pipe C and with the coupling C. From the lower end of the valve-chamber C2 a discharge-pipe G leads oif to a tank or any other suitable point of discharge, as desired. From the upper end of said valve-chamber G2 a discharge-pipe II leads directly upward tothe pump-spout Il', which is, as herein shown, secured by a screw-joint to the upper end of said pipe H. A valve I within the chamber C2 is adapted to cut oft the connection between said chamber and either of the discharge-pipes G and H, and is controlled to this end by an operating-rod I extending up through the pipe I-I and out through a suitable stufting-box h in the upper part of the spout H. The valve I, as herein shown, is cylindrical in form and is guided bythe contact of its sides with the iuterior of the chamber C2. It shuts off communication with the pipe G when in its low ermost position by the contact of its lower face with the upper end of a sleeve g, herein shown as connected by a screw-thread with the bottom of the valve-chamber C2 and acting to connect the same with the dischargepipe G. In a similar manner it cuts off communication with the pipe II when in its raised position by the contact of its upper face with the lower end of said pipe, which is screwed through the upper wall of said valve-chainber. Leather washers z', forming the upper and lower ends of the valve I, serve to effect a water-tight joint between the valve and the ends of the pipe II and sleeve q when thus brought into contact therewith. Then the valve occupies an intermediate position hetween the upper and lower ends of the chamber, communication is established between said chamber and both of said discharge-pipes G and II.

Various devices maybe employed for operating the valve-rod I'; but as a further improvement I connect the upper end of said rod with a slide I, which is movable verticali)T between guides h6, provided on an arm i12, cast integral with the pumpspout II and ex.- tending upwardly therefrom. Said slide I2 is provided near its upper end with a laterallyprojecting pin i', engaging a cam-slot t2 in a rotary cam-plate I", which is mounted on a pivot h2 at the upper end of said arm Il?. A handle t3, projecting from one side of the camplate I3, permits said plate to be rotated on its pivot 71,2, and the cam'slot i2 is so shaped that the passage of the pin 1l through it in the rotation of the cam-plate will raise or lower the valve-rod I' sufficiently to cause the valve Ito close either pipe G or II. The camn slot t" is, furthermore, so shaped that the calnplate I3 may be placed in position to hold the valve I at any desired point in its throw and cannot be moved from the position in which it is placed by any pressure upon the valve. The cam may, therefore, be turned so as to regulate the relative flow of water through the pipes G and II in any desired proportions, or to entirely cut off the Iiow through either, and when so placed will maintain the valve rigidly in such position until the lattervis shifted by further manipulation of the cam The provision of the guides 7L for the upper end ofthe valve-rod insures the smooth and certain movement thereof under the action of the cam I3 and prevents the latter from deiiecting the rod laterally. The pipe G is herein shown as connected with the coupling g by an elbow g', bent on such radius as to bring its horizontal end above the level of the lower face of the coupling C. The joint between the elbow g' and the coupling g is made in the usual manner by means of a sleeve g2, having a central aperture contracted at its lower end to tit beneath an annular flange (3, provided ou the upper end of the elbow g', and screw-threaded at its upper end to receive the lower end of the coupling C. A packing-ring g4 is inserted between the adjacent ends of the coupling g and the elhow g', so that when the sleeve g'/2 is screwed up said packing is compressed and affords a tight joint between the coupling and elbow.

In the approved construction shown the ai rpipe F forms the supporti11g-standard for a pump-handle J, and to this end is extended upward the desired distance and closed at its top by a cap F, having upwardly-extended forked arms F2, cast integral therewith, between which arms the pump-handle .I is pivoted upon a bolt f. The handle J is arranged IOO in the common plane of the axes of the cylinders A and B and of the air-pipe F, upon which it is mounted, and its short upper end J eX- tends directly above said cylinders A and B and is connected by a pivot-bolt j with the upper end of the connecting-rod E of the pistons. A A

The pump as a whole is supported upon the platform P of the well or cistern to which it is applied by means of a hollow cast-iron base K, through which pass the air and discharge pipes F and H, and which rigidly engages said pipes to secure the same in their upright position. In the approved form shown said base K is made of oblong shape in cross-section with rounded ends, as shown in Fig. 9, and of an interior width at its top equal to the exterior diameter of the pipe F, the side walls K of the casting flaring downwardly to a base-flange K2. The top wall K3 of the casting is provided at one end with a circular aperture lo, through which the pipe II passes, and at its other end with an elongated slot k for the pump-rod Il. Said basecasting is further shown as divided upon a vertical plane through the openings lo and k into two separate sections, which are placed in position on opposite sides of the air-pipe F and pump-rod E', and which are secured together by bolts f2, so as to rigidly embrace said airpipe. As herein shown, the three-way valvechamber C2 is located on the side of the pipe C at right angles with the coupling C, so that the pipe II is offset laterally with regard to the pipe F and pump-rod E in position to extend upwardly through an aperture 1.33 in the base of the iiange K2 of the casting outside of the walls K thereof, as shown in Fig. 9. The upper part K4 of the casting is made of open-work or is provided with a plurality of apertures, by which ventilation of the well or cistern is secured without liability of the admission of dirt thereto, and the entrance of dirt is further guarded against by providing for the admission of the pump-rod E through the aperture 7c in the top K3 of the casting, upon which no considerable amount of dirt can accumulate, instead of at the bottom of the casting, where such accumulations are liable to occur in position to fall or to be swept into said aperture.

By making the base ot' elongated form andl dividing it longitudinally on a line passing through the openings 7c k for the air-pipe and pump -rod several advantages are gained. One is that by this arrangement the parts of the base are so located as to most effectively resist the lateral strain which comes on the air-pipe when the pump-handle is operated. In the construction describedlateral pressure ofthe air-pipe, due to the inward and outward movement of the pump-rod, comes longitudinally on the parts of the. base. Such strains, therefore, come on the parts of the base in a direction least likely to overthrow them or detach them from the platform, because their elongated form gives them an eX- tended bearing lengthwise on the platform, by which they are rendered stable and may be strongly secured by a few bolts. Furthermore, the strains produced by the movements of the pump-handle come equally on both parts of the base, so that pressure of the airpipe thus caused does not tend to move laterally or separate the parts of the base, and strain on the connecting-bolts of the base or lateral pressure on the parts of the base in a direction to tip them on their narrow bases is therefore avoided, it being clear that if the pump-handles were arranged t0` swing in a plane at right angles to the line dividing the base actuation of the handle would produce pressure of the air-pipe against the parts of the base in a lateral direction, or in a direction in which they are least adapted to resist suchpressure, unless made unduly wide and heavy. Moreover, the engagement of the air-pipe by the parts ot' the base at a point considerably above the pump-platform affords a rigid support for the air-pipe at such point and makes the air-pipe much stiffer and stronger than it wouldjotherwise be. The splitting ofthe basecasting through the holes for the air-pipe and pump-rod has the further advantage of enabling the parts to be easily assembled and taken apart, the separation of the parts of the base obviously enabling the air-pipe and pump-rod to be easily taken out and removed.

The upper part of the pump is further supported and braced byfmeans of a clip F3, conmeeting the pipes F and H near the upper ends thereof, and from the middle of which a brace-rod F4. secured by a bolt f', extends downwardly and is bolted to the platform I).

In the operation of the pump thus described it is obvious that as the pump-handle J is oscillated to reciprocate the pistons A and B water will be forced from the cylinders A and Bin the manner before described and will pass up through the pipe C to the valvechamber C2. If the valve I has been raised by means of the cam I3, so asto close the pipe H, the entire discharge will then pass off through the pipe G to the tank or water system connected therewith, and will continue soto pass until the cam l2 is rotated to lower the valve I and establish communications between the valve-chamber C2 and the pipe H, whereupon water will liow through the pipe H and out of the spout H. If the valve I be depressed sufficiently to close communication with the pipe G, theentire discharge will obviously take place through the pipe H and spout H; but said valve may, if desired, be moved only sufficiently to permit a portion of the discharge of the pump to pass out through the pipe H and spout Il', and the remainder will then be forced through the pipe G, as before.

In pumps of this character intended for use in wells of great depth and in which the suction alone cannot be depended on to supply the lower cylinder A with water as the pistons are raised said cylinder A may be ICO ITO

4 samen lowered as far as desired and connected with a coupling C by an intermediate pipe A2 of sufficient diameter to permit the passage of the rod E, which connects the pistons A and 3', and provide for the easy flow of the discharge from thelower cylinder A through said pipe around the rod E, as shown in Figs. 6, '7, and S. In Figs. 6 and 7 said pipe A2 is shown connected with the coupling C by being screwed into an intermediate bushing A3, which is adapted to fit within the recess c, and is provided with outwardly-projecting ears a4, corresponding with the ears c', short bolts a5, which pass through said ears a* and c', serving to secure the bushingin place. A gasket c1 is applied to prevent leakage between the coupling and bushing. The pipe A2 is shown as connected with the cylinder A at its lower end by being screwed into a head A4, provided on its under side with a screw-threaded recess A, in which the upper end of the cylinder A is screwed. In Fig. 8 I have shown a slightly-modified form of conneetion between the pipe A2and the coupling C, in which said pipe is screwed into a bushing Ai", which, in turn, is screwed into the lower end of the coupling C. IVhen the lower cylinderI is thus separated from the coupling by an intermediate pipe A2 of considerable length, the brace-pipe D3, hereinbefore described, will ordinarily be omitted, and the lower end of the pipe C in such case will be closed by a suitable plug C4.

The casting of the coupling-piece C, vertical pipe C', and three-way valve-chamber C2 in a single integral part with the valve-chamber at the upper end thereof provides a simple and convenient connection by the use of which the lower discharge-pipe G may be led off at a considerably higher level than in other forms of integral connections in which the valve-chamber is substantially on a level with the coupling-piece, and consequently avoids the necessity of laying the said discharge-pipe so deep in the ground as would otherwise be necessary. The placing of said valve-chamber C2 on a side of the pipe C at right angles to the coupling C is further advantageous in bringing the pipes F and Gr and the connecting or pump rod E compactly together, and thus rendering practicable'the convenient and advantageous arrangement hereinbefore described of the parts of the pump above the platform, besides enabling the parts below the platform to be passed through a smaller hole in the latter. Obviously, the pump-rod E', in addition to being operatively connected with the pump-handle, may be also connected by any suitable means with the operating-rod of a windmill or other motor, if so desired. Furthermore, the lower cylinder A of that type of pump shown in Figs. l to et may, if desired, be connected to the coupling-piece C by a screw-joint either by the use of an intermediate bushing or by being directly screwed into the coupling in the same manner as the upper cylinder B, it being obvious that the precise form of connection at this point is of minor importance.

In cases where such screw-joint is thus employed between the lower cylinder and coupling the brace-pipe D3 will, of course, be dispensed with and the lower end of the pipe C closed by a plug C4, as in Figs. 6, 7, and 8.

I claim as my inventionl. In a differential piston pump the combination with the upper and lower cylinder, of the coupling piece connecting the adjacent ends of said cylinders and in open connection therewith, a vertical pipe opening out of the side of said coupling piece and cast integral with, the same, said vertical pipe extending upwardly from the coupling piece at the side of the upper cylinder, an air pipe connected with the top of said vertical pipe in alignment with the latter, a three way valve chamber cast integral with the vertical pipe at the upper end and at one side thereof, a discharge pipe leading from the top of said valve chamber to the pump spout, a second discharge pipe leading from the bottom of said chamber, a valve Within the chamber adapted to close communication with either of said pipes, and a valve operating rod leading out through the upper discharge pipe, substantially as described.

2. In a differential piston pump the combination with the upper and lower cylinders of the coupling piece connecting the adjacent ends of said cylinders and in open communication therewith a Vertical pipe leading out of the side of said coupling piece and castintegral therewith, an air pipe leading from the top of said vertical pipe in alignment with the latter, a brace pipe rigidly connected at its upper end to the bottom of said vertical pipe and at its lower end to the lower cylinder, a three way valve chamber cast integral with the vertical pipe at the upper end and at one side thereof, a discharge pipe leading from the top of said valve chamber to the pump spout, a discharge pipe leading from the bottom of said chamber, a valve Within the chamber adapted to close communication with either of said discharge pipes and a valve operating rod leading out through the upper discharge pipe, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I aiiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

SEYMOUR A. RGUSE.

IVitnesses: y

C. W. CARTER, WILLIAM L. HALL.

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